In miniature reproductions and Etruscan iconography, the plough, an agricultural implement for cereal farming, appears in Etruria either in the form of a horizontal ploughshare (for land already dug) or with a vertical ploughshare (for land still to be dug). A composite tool, it appears with all the principal parts: the plough stock (in oak), symmetrical ploughshare (first in bronze, then in iron), handle (beech), handgrip and plough-beam (elm and laurel), and double yoke.

Miniature of an Etruscan plough from the Vivarelli-Strozzi storeroom, Talamonaccio, 2 nd century BC.

On the yoke are furrows for the ropes, and a hole to connect it to the front beam and for the ropes to pass that attach it to the oxen. In its most evolved form, such as the model of the plough from the Vivarelli-Strozzi storeroom, there is a depth regulator for tilting the ploughshare. There is no evidence at the moment of nose rings for the oxen, horseshoes or a muzzle, whereas we do have images showing the cattle prod and stockwhip used for driving the oxen.

Reconstruction of an Etruscan plough based on the model from the Vivarelli-Strozzi storeroom